The farm became less central and families less tight knit. into those that were industrial and urban. The Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 18th century, transformed rural societies in Europe and the U.S. Even back in 1874, the first book about the pastime refers to "games of solitaire or patience," with no distinction between the two.Īs for their simultaneous rise in popularity in different parts of the world, urbanization might have had something to do with it. While there might have been some difference between Solitaire and Patience at first, they now seem interchangeable. The first mention in English is from 1822 in a letter from a Countess Granville ("We were occupied all yesterday evening with conjuring tricks and patiences of every kind"). It's borrowed French: "I should be obliged to fetch the cards for you to play 'Grande Patience'" - giving some credence to the theory that the game originated in France. The OED has the earliest mention in 1801. The game of Patience originated in the U.K. around the same time as Solitaire, or slightly afterward. Moreover, in Scandinavian countries, the game is apparently known as cabale, which is related to cabal, a "mystical interpretation of the Old Testament." Cabal gives us Kabbalah, that mystical (and trendy) form of Judaism. Solitaire the card game more likely came about toward the end of the 18th century, perhaps "in the Baltic region of Europe and possibly as a form of fortune-telling." The theory is that the popularity of the game rose with the popularity of cartomancy, or divination by cards, as well as tarot card reading. However, this probably refers to peg solitaire, a board game played with marbles and pegs. The earliest printed reference of the world solitaire the game appeared in 1746, according to the Oxford English Dictionary ( OED). The exact origin of Solitaire isn't all that clear. For example, in Klondike, the objective is to uncover four aces and build sequential foundations from those cards. You're probably already familiar with the basic premise: You set up cards face down in a certain shape and flip them to build foundations in sequential order.
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